Plumb Drilling Co
Byron Center, MI49315
Byron Center area wells typically encounter a sequence of surface clay, sand & gravel, deeper clay or clayey gravel, and then consolidated bedrock formations (often limestone/shale/sandstone) with the most productive residential aquifers found within coarse sand & gravel zones at 60–110 ft, and deeper bedrock or sandstone aquifers below 150 ft for high capacity or municipal yields.
Showing contractors within 60 miles of Byron Center. 76 results found.
A geological estimate for the Byron Center area.
Typical Well Depth
Static Water Level
Recommended Method
A representative geological cross-section for the Byron Center region, based on synthesis of well logs, indicates a surface layer of clay or sandy clay (3–24 ft), followed by alternating sand, gravel, and clay layers. Statistically, a significant sand & gravel aquifer is encountered between 20–70 ft, sometimes bounded above and below by blue or red clay (impervious layers identified by some drillers). Deeper zones typically transition to consolidated strata such as limestone with shale (often blue), then Marshall Sandstone or similar bedrock formations below approximately 170–215 ft. Most residential wells target the upper sand & gravel aquifers at 60–110 ft for reliable yields (5–15+ GPM), while high-capacity or long-term supplies locally extend casings through clay into consolidated or sandstone beds below 180 ft. Static water levels generally fall between 11–54 ft below grade. Rotary (mud) is the most common drilling method, and bentonite or cement grouts are frequently used for sealing.
Depth (Feet) | Formation Type | Description | Characteristics |
---|---|---|---|
0 – 3 ft | Topsoil/Red or Sandy Clay | Surface topsoil and sandy or red clay; sometimes weathered or mixed. | Color: Brown, Red, or Gray Hardness: Soft |
3 – 18 ft | Clay (occasionally blue or mixed sandy clay) | Plastic or firm clay layer; commonly blue, gray, or mottled; local minor sand lenses. | Color: Blue/Gray Hardness: Firm |
18 – 30 ft | Sand and Gravel | Mixed sand and gravel aquifer; major water-bearing unit. | Color: Tan to Gray Hardness: Loose |
30 – 46 ft | Clay (potentially blue/gray with some gravel inclusions) | Thicker clay; strong aquitard; sometimes interbedded with thin sands or gravels. | Color: Blue/Gray Hardness: Firm |
46 – 67 ft | Sand/Sand & Gravel (coarse/gritty/cobbley zones possible) | Highly productive sand, coarse gravel, and stone mix; primary aquifer for residential wells. | Color: Tan to Light Gray Hardness: Loose/Medium |
67 – 116 ft | Clay & Gravel (often blue/gray); minor consolidated material | Mixed impervious clay layers with interbedded gravel or occasional stone/consolidated sections. | Color: Blue, Gray, Brown Hardness: Firm/Medium |
116 – 180 ft | Limestone/Shale (blue) with minor sand; base of surficial aquifer | Transition to consolidated limestone and shale, sometimes with thin sand seams. Water may be found in fracture zones. | Color: Blue/Gray Hardness: Hard |
180 – 215 ft | Sandstone (Marshall Sandstone or similar) | Thick massive or bedded sandstone. Major regional aquifer for deep or high capacity wells. | Color: Tan/Gray Hardness: Hard |
215 – 300 ft | Deeper Shale/Sandstone (with possible limestone/gypsum breaks) | Lower consolidated bedrock sequence; yields significant flows for high capacity or industrial wells if penetrated. | Color: Gray/Dark Gray Hardness: Very Hard |